History of the Universe (2012) (edit title/settings)

Introduction
History of the Universe in 20 Pictures
Fundamental Questions
Benefits of this Story
Big History
Dates
Themes of History
Organization of this Website
Timeline of History
Large and Small Numbers
Large and Small Objects
Origin of the Universe 13.7 bya
Expansion of the Universe
Energy
Energy at the Origin of the Universe
Looking back in time
Failure of Science
Before the Big Bang
Multiverse
Vacuum
Fields
Spacetime
Inflation Epoch: Creation to 10-35 seconds
Four Fundamental Forces
Grand Unification Epoch 10-35 to 10-36 seconds
Big Bang 10-36 seconds
Quark Epoch 10-36 to 10-6 seconds
Hadron Epoch 10-6 to 1 second
Radioactivity
Exotic Particles
Lepton Epoch 1 to 10 seconds
Photon Epoch 10 seconds to 380,000 years
Fog
Interactions
Nucleosynthesis 3 to 20 minutes
Cosmic Dark Age 380 thousand to 150 million years
Atoms
Gas
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Galaxies
Mystery of Formation of First Galaxies
Missing Mass Problem
Dark Matter
Large Scale Structure of the Universe
Protogalaxies 100 million years
Earliest known Galaxy 13.2 bya
Structure of the Universe 12 bya
Clusters of Galaxies
Structure today
Galaxies Today
Elliptical Galaxies
Spiral Galaxies
Size of Galaxies
Milky Way Galaxy
Formation of Milky Way
Globular Star Cluster
Disc of Galaxy
Spiral Arms
Galaxy Problems
Nucleus of Galaxy
Black Holes
Our Location within Milky Way
Stars
Molecular Clouds
Birth of a Star
Open Star Clusters
What is a Star?
Binary Stars
How a Star Works
Red Giant
White Dwarf Star
Nova
Supernova
Neutron Star
Dust and Planets
Stardust
Molecules
HONC Atoms
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Water
Hydrogen Bond
Ice
Solar System 4.65 bya
Sun
Solar Disc
Planets
Formation of Solar Planets
Solar System Model
Earth
Summary of Earth History
Hadean Era 4.6 to 4 bya
Earth Origin
Earth Structure
Earth Magnetic Field
Terrestrial Radioactivity
Meteorite Era
Volcanoes
Oldest Rocks 4 bya
Early Atmosphere
Liquid Water
Rain
Weathering of Rock
Archaean Era 4 to 2.5 bya
Summary
Continental Drift
The Process of Life
Protein
Amino Acids
Dry Joining
Amino Acid Chains
Enzyme
Nucleic Acid
Base Pairing
DNA Structure
Making Protein
Process of Life
Origin of Life
Reproduction
Mutation
Evolution
Genetic Problems
Genetic Engineering
Cells 3.9 bya?
Cell Membrane
Three Domains
Prokaryotes
Archaea 3.9 bya?
Bacteria 3.5 bya?
Fermentation
Cell Division
Chromosomes
Photosynthesis 3.5 bya
Bacterial Diseases
Bacterial Benefits
Bacterial Spores
Viruses
Paleoproterozoic Era 2.5 to 1.6 bya
Summary
Columbia Continent 2.0 to 1.2 bya
Great Oxygen Poisoning 2.4 bya
Respiration 2 bya
Ozone
Symbiosis
Eukaryotes
Mitochondrion
Protozoa
Mesoproterozoic Era 1.6 to 1 bya
Sex 1.2 bya
Algae
Colony of Algae 1 bya
Hormones
Death
Fungi
Ecosystem
Neoproterozoic Era 1000 to 542 mya
Summary
Tonian Period 1000 to 850 mya
Cryogenian Period 850 to 635 mya
Earth 700 mya
Atmosphere
Ice Ages
Biological Evolution
Ediacaran Period 635 to 542 mya
Early Animals
Paleozoic Era 542 to 251 mya
Cambrian Period 542 to 488 mya
Animal Groups
Mollusk
Ordovician Period 488 to 444 mya
Vertebrates
Silurian Period 444 to 416 mya
Devonian Period 416 to 359 mya
Vertebrates
Carboniferous Period 359 to 299 mya
Permian Period 299 to 251 mya
Mesozoic Era 251 to 66 mya
Summary
Triassic Period 251 to 200 mya
Jurassic Period 200 to 146 mya
Cretaceous Period 146 to 66 mya
Extinction of Dinosaurs
Cenozoic Era 66 mya to today
Summary
Quaternary Period 2.6 mya to today
Recent Ice Age
Homo Erectus
Fire 700 kya
Neanderthals 120 kya
People 100 kya
Modern People 35 kya
Interglacial 11 kya
Nomads
Farmers
Cities 7 to 5 kya
Cooling Began 5 kya
Kings and Peasants 5 kya
India
China
South America
Middle East
Migrations
Empires
Iron Age 3 kya
Greek inventions 2.5 kya
Roman Empire
Byzantium 1.6 kya
Dark Ages 1.5 kya
Islam 1.4 kya
Middle Ages 1 kya
Renaissance 550 ya
Printing Press 550 ya
Colonialism 550 ya
Copernicus 550 ya
Little Ice Age 550 ya
Science 350 ya
Industrial Revolution
Democracy
Capitalism
Law
Industrial Growth
Communism
New Industrial Nations
Industrial Wars
Totalitarian Dictatorships
Fascism
Nuclear Weapons
Other Technology
The Past 50 Years
Modern Technology
Computers
The Present
Continents Today
SWOT Analysis of Humanity
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Lessons for the Future
Future of Medicine
Future of Energy
Future of Humanity
Future of Climate
Future of Computers
Future of Earth
Earth 10 my in future
Earth 20 my in future
Earth 30 my in future
Earth 40 my in future
Earth 50 my in future
Earth 60 my in future
Earth 70 my in future
Earth 80 my in future
Earth 90 my in future
Earth 100 my in future
Earth 110 my in future
Earth 120 my in future
Earth 130 my in future
Earth 140 my in future
Earth 150 my in future
Earth 160 my in future
Earth 170 my in future
Earth 180 my in future
Earth 190 my in future
Earth 200 my in future
Future of the Sun
Future of Galaxy
Future of Universe
Reference Section
Acid
Adenine
ADP
Alcohol
Alkali
Alpha Helix
Amino Acids, 20 Commonest
Ammonia
Andromeda Galaxy
Angstrom Unit
Annelid Worms
Asteroids
Atmosphere
Atom Sizes
Atomic Nucleus
ATP
Bases
Blood
Bond
Bosons
Brownian Motion
Cancer
Carbohydrate
Carbon Dioxide
Cell Nucleus
Cereals
Chemical Energy
Clay
Cloning
Comets
Continental Drift - Evidence
Continental Drift Key
Continents
Coral
Coral Reefs
Core
Cosmic Rays
Crust
Deuterostomes
Dicotyledons
Diseases
El Nino
Electricity
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Energy Crisis
Energy Density
Evaporation
Fermions
Flatworms Today
Fossils
Gamma Radioactivity
Geological Time Scale
Global Warming
Names for Large Numbers
Glucose
Glycine
Golgi Complex
Heat
Helium Atom
HONC Atoms Labelled
Higgs Field
Hydrocarbon
Information
Insects
Jupiter
Laurasia
Legumes
Light-Year
Local Group of Galaxies
Magnetic Field
Magnitude of a Star
Mantle
Mars
Mass
Mass Extinctions
Matter
Mercury
Methane
Methanobacteria
Milankovitch Cycles
Mineral
Molecules on Soccearth
Moon
Muon
Nanometer
Nearest Star
Neptune
Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen molecules
Noble Gas websitemark = noble
Nuclear Fission
Nucleus
Oceans
Organelles
Oxygen Molecules
Oxidation and Reduction
Paleomagnetism
Photosynthesis in Detail
Phosphate
Pictures of Atoms
Planetary Nebula
Plants
Pleiades
Pluto
Pressure
Protein Structure
Protostomes
Quantum Fluctuation
Quantum Mechanics
Quartz
Quasar
Relativity
Ribose
RNA
Rock
Salt
Sand
Saturn
Scientific Notation
Shell Model of Carbon Dioxide
Small Numbers’ Names
Solar Wind
Space-Time
Standard Model of Particles
Tau
Theory
Trachoma
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Unsolved Mysteries
Universe with a capital U
Uranium
Uranus
Venus
Worms
Z redshift
External References
History of the Universe Website
About the Author