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Lush with religious and metaphysical imagery, this is the story of three generations of the Brangwen family, set against the decline of the rural English midlands. It peers into a family's sexual mores, exposing the sexual dynamics of marriage and physical love.

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In The Rainbow, Lawrence explores the theme of the relationships between women and men through is depiction of three generations of the Brangwen family. Each generation highlights an example of a different relationship. In this way, the plot and the theme are inextricably bound.

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In The Rainbow, Lawrence explores the theme of the relationships between women and men through is depiction of three generations of the Brangwen family. Each generation highlights an example of a different relationship. In this way, the plot and the theme are inextricably bound.

Apart from marriage, birth and death, little else happens in the novel, much like in real life. All other incidents establish a mood, conflict or an emotion between the sexes for Lawrence to discuss and develop.

The marriage of Will and Anna highlights the basic conflict between men and women within a relationship. The Lincoln Cathedral scene symbolizes this conflict without furthering the plot.

Another example of the conflict is the strong inner life of the women and their connection with nature, which gives them great power, that men cannot seem to fathom. This is shown in he novel by Anna's naked dancing whilst pregnant and her great and lengthy fecundity.

The marriages within the generations have a sense of inevitability about them, for example, although Tom, Anna's father objects to her marriage with Will, this doesn't prevent the marriage and as a reader, we do not feel that it will. It Anna's destiny to bear many children and can do nothing but watch this happen.

Interestingly however, we do feel that Ursula may or may not fail at teaching, and we are not sure what fate holds for her.

The novel should be read as an in depth prequel to Women in Love, for what happens in The Rainbow, prefigures the choices for Gudrun and Ursula in the later novel. Thus the symbol of the Rainbow — not a circular complete novel, but an arch to the future lives of our heroines.

The first generation of Brangwens is resolved by the death of Tom. The second generation is carried further by their ability to acept the female/male differences and work together in their relationship.

Life outside these relationships, for Lawrence, was at the mercy of an uncaring industrialized civilization that also threatened relationships and the humanity of man. Lawrence is at great pains to stress the ephemeral and flimsy aspect of sexual relationships against this background.

Nevertheless another quality inherent in the symbol of the Rainbow is hope for the future via a 'new architecture' away from the 'old brittle corruption of houses and factories,' and arching towards ' a world built up in a fabric of Truth, fitting to the over-arching heaven.'

The development of theme within the novel is that of the increasing complexities of relationships and the growing complexities of life in which these relationships are forged.

Ursula for example fails to find fulfillment due to her independence and greater expectations from her relationships than those of her mother and grandmother, and partly due to the increased industrialization, materialism and the changing role of women within the home that forms the backdrop to her relationships.

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Quotes edit see section history

  • “"Shall you come an' have a look at my mare" he said to her, with his hearty kindliness that was now shaken with trepidation.”
  • “She saw in the rainbow the earth's new architecture, the old, brittle corruption of houses and factories swept away, the world built up in a living fabric of Truth, fitting to the over-arching heaven.”
  • “<Chapter 1> But heaven and earth was teeming around them, and how should this cease? They felt the rush of the sap in spring, they knew the wave which cannot halt, but every year throws forward the seed to begetting, and, falling back, leaves the young-born on the earth. They knew the intercourse between heaven and earth, sunshine drawn into the breast and bowels, the rain sucked up in the daytime, nakedness that comes under the wind in autumn, showing the birds' nests no longer worth hiding.”
  • “<Chapter 1> Their life and interrelations were such; feeling the pulse and body of the soil, that opened to their furrow for the grain, and became smooth and supple after their ploughing, and clung to their feet with a weight that pulled like desire, lying hard and unresponsive when the crops were to be shorn away. The young corn waved and was silken, and the lustre slid along the limbs of the men who saw it. They took the udder of the cows, the cows yielded milk and pulse against the hands of the men, the pulse of the blood of the teats of the cows beat into the pulse of the hands of the men. They mounted their horses, and held life between the grip of their knees, they harnessed their horses at the wagon, and, with hand on the bridle-rings, drew the heaving of the horses after their will.”
  • “<Chapter 1> In autumn the partridges whirred up, birds in flocks blew like spray across the fallow, rooks appeared on the grey, watery heavens, and flew cawing into the winter. Then the men sat by the fire in the house where the women moved about with surety, and the limbs and the body of the men were impregnated with the day, cattle and earth and vegetation and the sky, the men sat by the fire and their brains were inert, as their blood flowed heavy with the accumulation from the living day.”
  • “<Chapter 1> The women were different. On them too was the drowse of blood-intimacy, calves sucking and hens running together in droves, and young geese palpitating in the hand while the food was pushed down their throttle. But the women looked out from the heated, blind intercourse of farm-life, to the spoken world beyond. They were aware of the lips and the mind of the world speaking and giving utterance, they heard the sound in the distance, and they strained to listen.”
  • “<Chapter 1> It was enough for the men, that the earth heaved and opened its furrow to them, that the wind blew to dry the wet wheat, and set the young ears of corn wheeling freshly round about; it was enough that they helped the cow in labour, or ferreted the rats from under the barn, or broke the back of a rabbit with a sharp knock of the hand. So much warmth and generating and pain and death did they know in their blood, earth and sky and beast and green plants, so much exchange and interchange they had with these, that they lived full and surcharged, their senses full fed, their faces always turned to the heat of the blood, staring into the sun, dazed with looking towards the source of generation, unable to turn round. But the woman wanted another form of life than this, something that was not blood-intimacy."”
  • “<Chapter 1> As a child Frank had been drawn by the trickle of dark blood that ran across the pavement from the slaughter-house to the crew-yard, by the sight of the man carrying across to the meat-shed a huge side of beef, with the kidneys showing, embedded in their heavy laps of fat.”

Setting & Locations edit see section history

Derbyshire - Notinghamshire
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First Sentence edit see section history

THE Brangwens had lived for generations on the Marsh Farm, in the meadows where the Erewash twisted sluggishly through alder trees, separating Derbyshire from Nottinghamshire.

Table of Contents edit see section history

1. How Tom Brangwen Married a Polish Lady
2. They Live at the Marsh
3. Childhood of Anna Lensky
4. Girlhood of Anna Lensky
5. Wedding at the Marsh
6. Anna Victrix
7. The Cathedral
8. The Child
9. The Marsh and the Flood
10. The Widening Circle
11. First Love
12. Shame
13. The Man's World
14. The Widening Circle
15. The Bitterness of Ecstasy
16. The Rainbow

Series & Lists edit see section history

This is book 48 of 93 in Modern Library's 100 Best Novels: The Board's List. (authoritative list)

Preceded by Nostromo, and followed by Women in Love .

This is book 85 of 96 in Waterstone's Top 100 Books of the 20th Century. (authoritative list)

Preceded by An Evil Cradling, and followed by Down and Out in Paris and London.

This is book 742 of 1272 in 1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die. (authoritative list)

Preceded by Of Human Bondage, and followed by The Thirty-Nine Steps.

This book is in Guardian 1000 Novels Everyone Must Read. (authoritative list)
This is book 110 of 214 in Best English-Language Fiction of the 20th Century. (authoritative list)

Preceded by Nostromo, and followed by The Stone Diaries.

Authors & Contributors edit see section history

  1. D. H. Lawrence (Author)

First Edition edit see section history

Original Language: English
Publisher: Methuen & Co.
Country: England
Publication Date: 1915
ISBN: 0140042660
Page Count: 496

Classification edit see section history

  • Library of Congress: 15-27933
  • Dewey: 813

More Books Like This edit see section history

   
  • Women in Love
  • Kokoro

Books That Cite This Book edit see section history

   
  • Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgendered Literature

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