Gender Trouble (1990) (edit title/settings)

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• “How must we rethink the ideal morphological constraints upon the human such that those who fail to approximate the norm are not condemned to a death within life?”

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• gender is not always constituted coherently or consistently in different historical contexts, and because gender intersects with racial, class, ethnic, sexual, and regional modalities of discursively constituted identities. As a result, it becomes impossible to separate out 'gender' from the political and cultural intersections in which it is invariably produced and maintained.

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• The view that gender is performative sought to show that what we take to be an internal essence of gender is manufactured through a sustained set of acts, posited through the gendered stylization of the body. In this way, it showed that what we take to be an 'internal' feature of ourselves is one that we anticipate and produce through certain bodily acts, at an extreme, an hallucinatory effect of naturalized gestures.

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• performativity is not a singular act, but a repetition and a ritual, which achieves its effects through its naturalization in the context of a body, understood, in part, as a culturally sustained temporal duration.'

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• Instead, the text asks, how do non-normative sexual practices call into question the stability of gender as a category of analysis? How do certain sexual practices compel the question: what is a woman, what is a man? If gender is no longer to be understood as consolidated through normative sexuality, then is there a crisis of gender that is specific to queer contexts?

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• There is no gender identity behind the expressions of gender; that identity is performatively constituted by the very 'expressions' that are said to be its results.

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• When the constructed status of gender is theorized as radically independent of sex, gender itself becomes a free-floating artifice, with the consequence that man and masculine might just as easily signify a female body as a male one, and woman and feminine a male body as easily as a female one.

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• It was and remains my view that any feminist theory that restricts the meaning of gender in the presuppositions of its own practice sets up exclusionary gender norms within feminism, often with homophobic consequences.

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• It is not enough to inquire into how women might become more fully represented in language and politics. Feminist critique ought also to understand how the category of 'women,' the subject of feminism, is produced and restrained by the very structures of power through which emancipation is sought.

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• Gender is the repeated stylization of the body, a set of repeated acts within a highly rigid regulatory frame that congeal over time to produce the appearance of substance, of a natural sort of being.

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• Certainly, I do not mean to claim that forms of sexual practice produce certain genders, but only that under conditions of normative heterosexuality, policing gender is sometimes used as a way of securing heterosexuality.

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Setting & Locations edit see section history

• Symbolic

First Sentence edit see section history

Table of Contents edit see section history

Authors & Contributors edit see section history

1. Judith Butler (Author)

First Edition edit see section history

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• Dewey: 305.3

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Subjects edit see section history

• Books › Literature & Fiction › World Literature › United States › History & Criticism › Literary Theory
• Books › Nonfiction › Women's Studies › Women Writers
• Books › Nonfiction › Social Sciences › Gender Studies
• Books › Nonfiction › Women's Studies › Feminist Theory
• Books › Nonfiction › Social Sciences › Sociology
• Books › Literature & Fiction › Books & Reading › Women Writers & Feminist Theory
• Books › Nonfiction › Philosophy

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