Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1874-1965), Knight, Member of Parliament, statesman, soldier, journalist, historian, author, and painter, was the son of Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill (1849-1895), a British Statesman, and Jenny Jerome, an American socialite. He was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940-1945 and 1951-1955. Though often a controversial figure, he received many honors and awards, including being the first person to be made an Honorary Citizen of the United States. As a writer, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953 for his numerous published works, especially his six-volume work: The Second World War. He wrote a novel, two biographies, three volumes of memoirs, and several histories as well as many newspaper articles. Churchill was one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and is widely regarded as being among the most influential persons in British history.