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Jean Baudrillard was a French sociologist, philosopher, cultural theorist, political commentator, and photographer. His work is frequently associated with postmodernism and post-structuralism.
Baudrillard was a social theorist and critic who is best known for his analyses of the modes of mediation and of technological communication. His writing, although consistently interested in the way technological progress affects social change, covers diverse subjects — from consumerism to gender relations to the social understanding of history to journalistic commentaries about AIDS, cloning, the Rushdie affair, the first Gulf War and the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City.
Jean Baudrillard was a thinker who built on what was being thought by others and breaks through via a key reversal of logic to make a fresh analysis. He was influenced by Marcel Mauss (important to Claude Lévi-Strauss in the Durkheimian objectivity and linguistic-sociological interface) and Georges Bataille (who wrote in a surreal and erotical way), as well as Jean-Paul Sartre, Fyodor Mikhaylovich Dostoyevsky, Friedrich Nietzsche, the Situationists and Surrealism. Another background influence on Jean Baudrillard is Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis, but a far more direct influence is Marxism. Jean Baudrillard's thinking has passed through three phases – actually shifts of strategy, tenor, and emphasis rather than content – comprising a path from the post-Marxist (1968-71), to the socio-linguistic (1972-77), to the techno-prophetic. In recent years he has become best known as a prophet of the implosion of meaning that attends the postmodern condition.
Jean Baudrillard's philosophy centers on the twin concepts of 'hyperreality' and 'simulation'. These terms refer to the virtual or unreal nature of contemporary culture in an age of mass communication and mass consumption. We live in a world dominated by simulated experiences and feelings, Jean Baudrillard believes, and have lost the capacity to comprehend reality as it actually exists. We experience only prepared realities – edited war footage, meaningless acts of terrorism, the destruction of cultural values and the substitution of 'referendum'.